慢性 胰腺炎

迹象 & 症状

大多数慢性胰腺炎患者的背部和腹部疼痛. 在某些情况下, 腹痛随着病情的发展而消失, 可能是因为胰腺不再分泌消化酶了

Weight loss is often a symptom of chronic pancreatitis because the body does not secrete enough pancreatic enzymes to break down food and nutrients are not absorbed normally. 消化不良会导致粪便中脂肪、蛋白质和糖的排泄. If the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas have been damaged, diabetes may develop.

诊断

The diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis frequently can be made based entirely on your 症状 and medical history. 内镜逆行胰胆管造影(ERCP), 计算机断层扫描(CT), 内窥镜超声也可以帮助十大赌博平台排行榜做出明确的诊断.

Pancreatic function tests help determine if your pancreas is still making enough digestive enzymes. 在疾病的晚期，当糖尿病和吸收不良发生时, 十大赌博平台排行榜可能会建议你抽血, 尿液和粪便测试.

治疗

慢性胰腺炎的治疗取决于疾病的病因, 相关疼痛的严重程度和以前治疗方法的有效性. The first step of treatment focuses on relieving pain and eating a diet that is high in carbohydrates and low in fat. 完全戒酒是必要的.

Your doctor may prescribe pancreatic enzymes to take with meals if your pancreas does not secrete enough of its own enzymes. The supplemental enzymes should be taken with every meal to help your body digest food and regain some weight. If you have diabetes, insulin and other drugs may be needed to control blood sugar levels.

手术

There are a number of surgical procedures available for patients whose pain is not relieved by medications or other approaches. 手术可能包括从胰腺中取出结石, 排水管堵塞, 或部分或全部切除胰腺.

胰腺切除术

部分胰腺切除术包括切除部分胰腺, 比如身体或尾巴, 在Puestow或Whipple程序期间. 全胰腺切除术包括切除整个胰腺. While a total pancreatectomy is usually effective in relieving pain in patients when all other treatments fail, 它会诱发永久性糖尿病, requiring patients to take insulin shots or use an insulin pump for the rest of their lives. This is because the pancreas contains Islets of Langerhans — also known as islets or islet cells — that regulate the body's blood sugar levels.

UCSF's Islet and Cellular Transplantation Center is one the few medical centers in the country to offer a total pancreatectomy performed with an islet autotransplant. 这种创新的双重程序有助于减轻胰腺炎引起的疼痛, while preserving the ability to secrete insulin and reducing the risk of developing surgically induced diabetes.

胰腺切除术和自体胰岛移植

病人 with chronic pancreatitis have the option of having an islet auto (meaning "self") transplant after their total pancreatectomy. 在胰岛自体移植期间, the patient's own islet cells are isolated from their removed pancreas and then put back into the patient, 它们从哪里开始产生胰岛素.

This procedure may prevent diabetes from developing or make the diabetes milder than if a patient had had a pancreatectomy alone.

我们的目标是消除每个病人的痛苦, 保持胰腺功能，预防糖尿病, there is no guarantee that diabetes will not develop because there is no way of determining the quality of a patient's islets before transplantation.

病人 who have a pancreatectomy with an islet autotransplant have a 50 percent chance of becoming insulin dependent for life, while patients who have only a pancreatectomy have a 100 percent chance of becoming permanently insulin dependent. 病人 who are at the highest risk of developing diabetes are those who have not had prior surgery to remove a portion of their pancreas.

通常, patients spend two to three weeks in the hospital following a pancreatectomy with an islet autotransplant. 在此期间, patients receive an insulin drip and learn how to manage diabetes in case they develop the condition.

As islets start working, patients are able to reduce the amount of insulin they take. 一个月内, it usually becomes clear whether islets are working well enough for patients to completely stop taking insulin. 如果出现糖尿病, it is important that a patient works closely with their doctor to develop an insulin treatment plan.